A Landscape Rich in Mountains, Rivers, and Lakes
The western part of Tomioka is dominated by Mount Myogi, whose dramatic rock formations rise above the surrounding countryside. The distinctive mountain scenery changes with the seasons, from fresh greenery in spring to brilliant foliage in autumn.
Other mountains in and around the city include Mount Ogake, while rivers such as the Kaburagawa River, Takadagawa River, Nyugawa River, Nogamigawa River, and Hoshikawa River flow through the region.
These waterways have helped create fertile land and supported agriculture and settlement for centuries. The city is also home to reservoirs and lakes such as Lake Nyū and Lake Oshio, which serve both practical purposes, including agricultural water supply, and recreational purposes as places where local residents can enjoy nature.
A History Stretching Back to Ancient Japan
Tomioka has a long history extending back to ancient times. Archaeological remains at the Motoyado-Kyodo Site are thought to include the remains of a residence belonging to a powerful local clan during the Kofun period, an era when large burial mounds were constructed throughout Japan.
Doyama Inari Kofun is also believed to have been the burial place of an important local figure, providing clues about the political and social importance of the area in ancient times.
Development into the Modern City
In 1889, following the introduction of Japan’s modern municipal system, Tomioka Town was established. After several municipal mergers, Tomioka became a city in 1954.
The merger with Myogi Town in 2006 created the present-day Tomioka City. In 2018, a new city hall designed by renowned Japanese architect Kengo Kuma was completed, adding a contemporary architectural landmark to the historic cityscape.
Today, Tomioka continues to develop while maintaining a connection with the traditions and heritage of its past.
Tomioka Silk Mill
A Symbol of Japan’s Industrial Modernization
The Tomioka Silk Mill began operating in 1872 as a government-operated model silk factory. Established with French technology and expertise, it was one of the largest mechanized silk-reeling factories in the world at the time.
High-quality raw silk produced here became an important Japanese export and contributed to the country’s economic development during the Meiji period, when Japan was rapidly modernizing and establishing itself as an industrial nation.
Several of the original buildings, including the main silk-reeling building and cocoon warehouses, remain remarkably well preserved. Their wooden-frame and brick construction demonstrates the combination of Western technology and Japanese craftsmanship used during the early Meiji era.
The factory ceased operations in 1987, but preservation efforts continued. The site was designated a National Historic Site in 2005, and its principal buildings were designated National Treasures or Important Cultural Properties in 2006.
A UNESCO World Heritage Site
On June 21, 2014, the Tomioka Silk Mill and related silk-industry heritage sites were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List as the Sites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution-related silk heritage designation known as the Tomioka Silk Mill and Silk Industry Heritage Group.
The registration recognized the site’s importance in the history of Japanese industrialization and the country’s adoption and adaptation of Western industrial technology.
Today, visitors can explore the historic buildings and exhibitions, while guided tours provide additional explanations of the factory’s technology, workers, architecture, and role in Japan’s industrial history.
Mount Myogi
One of Japan’s Three Great Scenic Landscapes
Mount Myogi is one of the Jōmō Sanzan, or Three Mountains of Jōmō, together with Mount Akagi and Mount Haruna. It is also traditionally counted among Japan’s Three Great Scenic Landscapes.
Unlike a conventional rounded mountain, Myogi is characterized by dramatic cliffs, pinnacles, and unusual rock formations. The mountain is broadly divided into Omote-Myogi, or Front Myogi, on the southeastern side, and Ura-Myogi, or Rear Myogi, on the northwestern side.
Distinctive peaks such as Mount Hakuun, Mount Kongo, and Mount Kinkei rise among the rugged terrain.
Hiking Among Dramatic Rock Formations
Hiking routes include the famous Ishimon-gun, or Stone Gate formations, as well as sections equipped with chains for more demanding mountain climbing.
In autumn, the mountains become especially spectacular as red and golden foliage contrasts with the dark rock formations. The beauty of Mount Myogi is also celebrated in Jōmō Karuta, a traditional Gunma card game featuring local places, history, and culture.
Ichinomiya Nukisaki Shrine and Myogi Shrine
Ichinomiya Nukisaki Shrine
Ichinomiya Nukisaki Shrine has been an important center of worship since ancient times. It served as the Ichinomiya, or highest-ranking shrine, of the former Kozuke Province, which corresponds roughly to present-day Gunma Prefecture.
One of its most unusual features is its descending shrine layout. After passing through the main gate, visitors walk down a flight of stone steps toward the main sanctuary rather than climbing upward as at many Japanese shrines.
The main hall, worship hall, and gate are designated Important Cultural Properties. Traditional rituals, including the distinctive Shikaura divination ceremony, have also been preserved as part of the shrine’s cultural heritage.
Myogi Shrine
Myogi Shrine stands at the eastern foot of Mount Myogi and has historically received strong patronage from the Tokugawa shogunate.
The shrine is known for its ornate buildings and an impressive approach consisting of approximately 165 stone steps. Its traditional architecture and dramatic mountain setting make it one of the area’s important cultural attractions.
In recent years, the shrine has also attracted attention as a filming location for Japanese historical television productions.
Gunma Safari Park
A Family-Friendly Wildlife Experience
Opened in 1979, Gunma Safari Park was the first full-scale safari park in eastern Japan. The expansive grounds provide habitats where animals such as lions, giraffes, and elephants can be observed in environments designed to resemble their natural surroundings.
In 1986, the park achieved Japan’s first successful breeding of an African elephant.
The park has continued to expand its hands-on attractions and family-oriented experiences, providing visitors with opportunities to encounter wildlife in ways that differ from a conventional zoo.
Nature, Science, and Art
Gunma Museum of Natural History
The Gunma Museum of Natural History introduces visitors to the history of the Earth, evolution, and prehistoric life. Its exhibits include full-scale dinosaur models and valuable fossils.
The museum also houses numerous specimens discovered in Gunma Prefecture, making it an enjoyable educational destination for both children and adults.
Tomioka City Museum of Art and Fukuzawa Ichiro Memorial Museum
Located within Momijidaira Comprehensive Park, the Tomioka City Museum of Art and Fukuzawa Ichiro Memorial Museum presents works by artists connected with the region as well as materials relating to local history and culture.
The building itself is also worth seeing. Its distinctive architecture, characterized by a series of semicircular vaulted roofs, creates a memorable modern landmark within the park.
Lake Nyū and Fields of Sunflowers
Lake Nyū is a historic reservoir whose construction began in 1935 and was completed in 1952. Although originally created as a source of agricultural water, the lake has become a scenic recreational area.
In summer, approximately 100,000 sunflowers bloom around the lake. During the flowering season, the Sunflower Festival is held, creating a striking landscape of golden flowers, blue sky, and water.
Lake Oshio and Roadside Station Myogi
Lake Oshio is another important agricultural reservoir surrounded by attractive natural scenery. Its peaceful environment provides an opportunity to enjoy the quieter side of Tomioka’s countryside.
Nearby, Roadside Station Myogi is a convenient stop for travelers exploring Mount Myogi. Visitors can purchase locally grown agricultural products and regional specialties while enjoying views toward the dramatic mountain landscape.
A City Where History and Nature Meet
Tomioka City brings together some of Gunma’s most distinctive attractions in one destination. The Tomioka Silk Mill offers a window into Japan’s industrial modernization, while Mount Myogi provides dramatic mountain scenery and outdoor opportunities.
Historic shrines preserve centuries of religious traditions, while the safari park, natural history museum, art museum, lakes, and roadside markets provide experiences for families, culture lovers, hikers, and travelers interested in regional life.
Discover Tomioka at Your Own Pace
From World Heritage history to rugged mountain landscapes, Tomioka offers many different ways to experience Gunma. Visitors can explore historic architecture in the morning, admire Mount Myogi in the afternoon, and enjoy local food and agricultural products before continuing their journey.
With its combination of heritage, nature, culture, and leisure, Tomioka is a rewarding destination for travelers who want to discover both the historical story and the everyday beauty of southwestern Gunma.